Inspect base surface for | Testing methods | Characteristics | Remedy |
Alkalinity | Moisten with distilled water and place a strip of indicator paper on surface | If the pH level is greater than 8, the base surface is alkaline | Allow to dry |
Efflorescence | Visible to naked eye | White salts are often visible | Determine cause and remove. Allow to dry using ventilation and heat. Brush away dried salt granules |
Moisture | Visible to naked eye | Visibly moist surfaces or appearance of discolourations or water rings | Determine cause and remove. Allow to dry using ventilation and heat |
Surface strength | Rub with hand Scratch with a hard, sharp object | Dusty or chalky grit | Wash surfaces thoroughly with water |
Fungal decay | Visible to naked eye | Dark fouling | Determine cause and remove, may need to remove and treat chemically |
Cracks | Visible to naked eye | –
| Depending on type of crack, spakle entire surface, then reinforce with crack covering or elastic fabric |
Absorbency | Moisten with water | Too absorbent: turns dark quickly Not absorbent enough: Water forms beads | Too absorbent: apply primer Not absorbent enough: sand or apply primer |
Sinter layers | Scratch or sand layer, then moisten with water | In case of dry base surface: glossy surface and minimal absorbency. After water test, scratched area turns darker | Sand away sinter layers |